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Table 4
Multivariable analysis of the factors associated with MRI-proven CES.
| Variable | Characteristics | Cauda equina |
OR (univariable) | OR (multivariable) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suspected | MRI-proven | ||||
| Age | Mean (SD) | 57.4 (19.5) | 63.9 (15.8) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04, p = 0.101) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06, p = 0.066) |
| Gender | Female | 138 (91.4) | 13 (8.6) | – | – |
| Male | 91 (86.7) | 14 (13.3) | 1.63 (0.73–3.68, p = 0.229) | 1.77 (0.73–4.40, p = 0.208) | |
| Severe or progressive bilateral neurological deficit | Absent | 126 (98.4) | 2 (1.6) | – | – |
| Present | 103 (80.5) | 25 (19.5) | 15.29 (4.42–96.44, p < 0.001) | 14.97 (4.15–96.79, p < 0.001) | |
| Loss of sensation of rectal fullness | Absent | 224 (90.3) | 24 (9.7) | – | – |
| Present | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) | 5.60 (1.10–24.30, p = 0.024) | 10.62 (1.49–92.15, p = 0.020) | |
| Is there a PMH of CES | No | 209 (91.3) | 20 (8.7) | – | – |
| Yes | 20 (74.1) | 7 (25.9) | 3.66 (1.31–9.43, p = 0.009) | 3.03 (0.98–8.96, p = 0.047) | |
| Written information given about CES previously | No | 226 (89.7) | 26 (10.3) | – | – |
| Yes | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 2.90 (0.14–23.58, p = 0.364) | 4.77 (0.21–57.72, p = 0.228) | |
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