Open Access
Table 2
Common risk factors related to mortality after fractures in the literature.
| Study | Patient number | Patients | Risk factors | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Myers et al. [10] | N = 283 | Geriatric distal femur (>60 y/o) | Surgical delay | A surgical treatment >2 days after injury was associated with increased patient mortality. |
| Moloney et al. [15] | N = 176 | Geriatric distal femur (>60 y/o) | Surgical delay | One-year mortality was significantly associated with a delay in time to surgery >2 days. |
| Streubel et al. [14] | N = 44 | Geriatric distal femur (>60 y/o) | Surgical delay | Surgical delay >4 days increased the 6-month and 1-year mortality risks. |
| Sheikh et al. [12] | N = 1356 | Geriatric hip | Hb | Admission hemoglobin of <10 g/dL predisposed to 30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery. |
| Yombi et al. [16] | N = 829 | Geriatric hip | Hb | Low hemoglobin at admission (<12 g/dL) was significantly associated with short- and long-term mortality after fragility hip fracture surgery. |
| Manosroi et al. [17] | N = 226 | Geriatric hip (>50 y/o) | Hb | Increase of preoperative hemoglobin levels to ≥10 g/dL had an association with a 50% reduction in 1-year mortality among osteoporotic hip fracture patients. |
| Chiang et al. [11] | N = 817 | Geriatric hip (>60 y/o) | Egfr | Poor renal function was a significant age-independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery. |
| Mandai et al. [21] | N = 9320 | Hip, spine, forearm, upper arm, and leg (distal femur and proximal tibia) | ESRD | Hemodialysis patients experienced a 4.8-fold higher mortality rate after fractures than the general population. |
| Heffernan et al. [19] | N = 2448 | Trauma (ISS ≥ 15) | WBC | Persistently abnormal CBC responses were associated with a higher mortality following trauma. |
| Santucci et al. [20] | N = 279 | Blunt trauma | WBC | A significant elevation in WBC in a blunt trauma patient should heighten suspicion of occult injury. |
Hb – hemoglobin; eGFR – estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESRD – end-stage renal disease; ISS – injury severity score; WBC – white blood cells; CBC – complete blood count.
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