Open Access
Table 1
Comparison between different techniques for patella-femoral arthroplasty: manual, robotic imageless, and robotic image-based.
| Manual technique | Imageless Robotic | Image-based Robotic | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Planning Time | Intraoperative (and X-rays), based on experience | Intraoperative after mapping | Preoperative, refined intraoperatively |
| Bone resection guidance | Manual instruments | Robotic burr guided by bone morphing | Robotic burr guided by CT model |
| Implant positioning accuracy | Depends on surgeon’s experience | Improved via intraoperative 3D mapping | High accuracy with pre-op and intra-op guidance |
| Patellar tracking | Evaluated manually | Evaluated manually | Tracked in real-time with robotic assistance |
| Patellar tilt improvement | Moderate | Superior to manual | Superior to manual; comparable to imageless |
| Component customization | Limited | Multi-planar adjustment in surgery | Multi-planar adjustment + pre-op planning |
| Surgical precision | Standard | Enhanced | Highly precise |
| Learning curve | Lower (if experienced) | Moderate | Steeper (due to software + imaging integration) |
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