Table 1
Pre- and post-operative data on the prostheses’ groups (groups A and B). Preoperatively, comparative analysis of the demographics, the implant design, the clinical and radiographic evaluation, and the final implants’ positioning. Postoperatively, evaluation of the clinical and radiographic parameters between the two groups. Complications and revisions are also presented. The statistically significant values are depicted in bold.
| Preoperative evaluation |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Group A (cementless implants) (N = 276) | Group B (cemented implants) (N = 85) | P-value | |
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 70 (IQR 64 to 74) | 71 (IQR 64 to 74.25) | 0.73 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.25 (IQR 25.43 to 31.65) | 28.71 (IQR 24.89 to 31.7) | 0.81 |
| Female gender | 60.87 | 63.53 | 0.66 |
| Implant design | |||
| CR | 42.03% | 3.53% | <0.001 |
| Follow-up | |||
| Period in months | 30 (IQR 26 to 37) | 30 (IQR 26 to 38) | 0.97 |
| Preoperative clinical evaluation | |||
| KSS-knee | 67 (IQR 57 to 75.5) | 64 (IQR 55 to 76.5) | 0.32 |
| KSS-function | 70 (IQR 60 to 80) | 70 (IQR 55 to 77.25) | 0.31 |
| Preoperative radiographic evaluation | |||
| HKA | 175° (IQR 172 to 179) | 177° (IQR 170 to 184.25) | 0.26 |
| LDFA | 91° (IQR 90 to 93) | 91° (IQR 89 to 93) | 0.9 |
| MPTA | 87° (IQR 85 to 89) | 88° (IQR 84 to 90) | 0.38 |
| Robotic alignment evaluation | |||
| Preoperative Mako Alignment (varus) | 6° (IQR 2 to 8) | 5° (IQR 0 to 9) | 0.47 |
| Implant positioning (Mako data) | |||
| Tibial varus | 3.5° (IQR 2 to 4.5) | 2.25° (IQR 1 to 4) | 0.004 |
| Tibial ER | 0° (IQR 0 to 0) | 0° (IQR 0 to 0) | 0.13 |
| Tibial posterior slope | 1° (IQR 0 to 1) | 0.5° (IQR 0 to 1) | 0.47 |
| Femoral Valgus | 1° (IQR −0.2 to 2) | 0.95° (IQR −0.1 to 2) | 0.66 |
| Femoral ER | 0° (IQR −1.3 to 1.2) | 0.3° (IQR −0.95 to 1.2) | 0.32 |
| Femoral flexion | 7.5° (IQR 5.45 to 9) | 7.55° (IQR 6 to 9) | 0.65 |
|
|
Postoperative evaluation |
||
| Postoperative clinical evaluation | |||
| KSS-knee | 94 (IQR 90 to 100) | 95 (IQR 90 to 100) | 0.41 |
| KSS-function | 90 (IQR 90 to 94.77) | 90 (IQR 88 to 100) | 0.89 |
| FJS | 84 (IQR 66.25 to 92) | 90 (IQR 66 to 100) | 0.06 |
| Postoperative radiographic assessment | |||
| HKA | 179° (IQR 176 to 180) | 179° (IQR 177 to 182) | 0.33 |
| LDFA | 91° (IQR 89.3 to 92) | 90° (IQR 88 to 91) | 0.01 |
| MPTA | 88° (IQR 86.5 to 89) | 89° (IQR 87 to 90) | 0.04 |
| Robotic alignment evaluation | |||
| Postoperative Mako Alignment (varus) | 3° (IQR 1 to 5) | 1° (IQR 0 to 4) | 0.02 |
| Complications | |||
| Total complications | 12.32% (34 cases) | 8.24% (7 cases) | 0.3 |
| Major complications | 1.45% (3 cases of DAIR and 1 aseptic revision) | 3.53% (2 cases of DAIR and 1 case of postoperative fracture) | 0.22 |
| Revisions (aseptic loosening) | 0.36% | – | 0.58 |
| MUA | 4.38% (12 cases) | 2.35% (2 cases) | 0.4 |
| Medial condyle necrosis | – | 1.18% (1 case) | 0.07 |
| Hematoma | 6.16% (17 cases) | – | 0.02 |
| Infections-DAIR | 1.09% (3 cases) | 2.35% (2 cases) | 0.39 |
| Intra- and post-operative femoral fractures | 0.36% (1 intraoperative case) | 2.35% (1 intraoperative and 1 postoperative case) | 0.08 |
N: number, BMI: body mass index, IQR: Interquartile range, ER: External rotation (Femoral ER with reference to the trans-epicondylar axis, Tibial ER with reference to the Akagi line), KSS: Knee Society Score, HKA: Hip-Knee angle, LDFA: lateral distal femoral angle, MPTA: medial proximal tibial angle.
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