Open Access
Editorial
Table 3
Summary of the most important published related studies on magnesium sulfate intravenous infusions in orthopaedic surgery. (IT: intrathecal; IV: intravenous).
| Study | Studies/patients (n) | Surgical focus | Key findings | Conclusions/notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gormley et al. [53] | 141 studies/20,963 patients (113 RCTs) | Orthopaedic surgery | Only 4 studies (2.8%) involved magnesium sulfate; overall review on opioid-sparing strategies | Highlighted need for better RCT methodology and more evidence on magnesium use |
| Peng et al. [9] | 11 RCTs/535 patients | Perioperative IV Magnesium in Orthopaedic Surgery | Six studies showed pain reduction; 5 did not. Reduced nausea, vomiting, and shivering | Mixed analgesic results; beneficial for perioperative symptom reduction |
| Sbitan et al. [6] | 9 RCTs | IT vs. IV Magnesium in Orthopaedic Surgery | Only 3 trials directly compared IT vs. IV; both routes showed efficacy | Mode of administration (IT vs. IV) remains an unsolved issue |
| Campos et al. [30] | 8 RCTs/541 patients | Spinal surgery | ↓ Pain, ↓ opioid and muscle relaxant use; ↓ MAP vs. steroids; enhanced vecuronium effect | Magnesium is safe, effective, with synergistic benefits; dosing protocols vary |
| Yue et al. [54] | 14 trials/781 patients | Spinal surgery | ↓ Morphine use at 24 h | IV magnesium is effective in reducing postoperative opioid needs |
| Azimi et al. [5] | 8 RCTs/536 patients | Total knee arthroplasty | ↓ Opioid use in first 24 h; low-moderate evidence for analgesic efficacy | Heterogeneity in dosing/methods; more research needed |
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