Open Access
Review
Table 1
Summary of recent advances in the treatment of giant cell tumor of bone.
| Type | Study | Subject | Key findings | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Local adjuvant therapy | Jiang [16] | Microwave in situ inactivation in the treatment of GCTB | Thirty patients with GCTB were treated with microwave ablation before curettage, and the local recurrence rate was 0% after an average follow-up of 5 years. | Compared with other techniques, microwave ablation can achieve larger ablation volumes in a shorter time by rapidly inducing coagulation necrosis. |
| Irrigation solution | Moore [17] | Cytotoxic effects of common irrigation solutions on GCTB | When a human giant cell tumor cell line was immersed in 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate for 2 min, it exhibited higher cytotoxicity than other liquids. | The use of 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate solution for irrigation after curettage of GCTB may function as a potential chemical adjuvant. |
| Filler | Tan [18] | The 3D-printed strut-type prosthesis combined with autograft reconstruction for GCTB of the distal femur | The bone defect after curettage was reconstructed using a 3D-printed strut-type prosthesis, and excellent osseointegration at the bone-prosthesis interface was observed at an average of 4 months. | The 3D-printed strut prostheses in combination with autograft reconstruction exhibited advantages of good biocompatibility, osseointegration ability, and subchondral bone protection. |
| RFA | Arrigoni [19] | CT-Guided RFA for Management of Surgical Relapses of GCTB | One of five patients who underwent RFA for recurrent lesions after curettage experienced local recurrence, but no complications were observed. | One of the main advantages of RFA is that it provides effective local control with minimal invasion, making it particularly suitable for small, locally recurrent GCTB. |
| Biomarker | Toda [20] | The diagnostic and prognostic value of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform (TRACP) 5b for GCTB | The mean TRACP5b change in the group with local recurrence (n = 4) was significantly higher than that in the non-recurrence group (n = 43) (8.53 and 0.24, respectively, p < 0.0001). | Regular measurement of TRACP5b may make it possible to detect local recurrence early. |
| Systemic therapy | Xu [21] | Efficacy and safety of JMT103 in patients with unresectable or surgically-challenging GCTB | At 3 months post-treatment, the objective tumor response rate was 93%, with hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemia occurring in 65% of patients. | JMT103 represents a potential therapeutic option for GCTB. |
GCTB, giant cell tumor of bone; RFA, radiofrequency ablation; TRACP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase.
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