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Table 2
Pain, range of motion, and functional outcomes for the two study groups.
| LHBT conservation group (n = 113) | LHBT release group (Group B, n = 110) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| VAS score | |||
| Preoperative | 5.8 ± 0.9, 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 6.0 ± 1.0, 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 0.46 |
| 12 months | 1.9 ± 0.7, 2.0 (2.0–2.0) | 1.0 ± 0.7, 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| 24 months | 2.0 ± 0.7, 2.0 (2.0–3.0) | 1.0 ± 0.7, 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Abduction (°) | |||
| 12 months | 153.8 ± 9.5, 150.0 (150–160) | 154.0 ± 11.2, 150 (150–160) | 0.94 |
| 24 months | 156.9 ± 10.5, 160 (150–160) | 156.9 ± 11.6, 160 (150–160) | 0.96 |
| Forward flexion (°) | |||
| 12 months | 165.9 ± 9.2, 160 (160–170) | 164.9 ± 8.8, 160 (160–170) | 0.47 |
| 24 months | 166.5 ± 10.0, 170 (160–170) | 167.6 ± 9.1, 170 (160–170) | 0.34 |
| Constant-Murley score | |||
| Preoperative | 50.0 ± 7.9, 50.0 (44.0–55.0) | 50.3 ± 7.9, 50.0 (45.0–55.0) | 0.86 |
| 12 months | 82.0 ± 5.4, 82.0 (79.0–86.0) | 82.2 ± 4.5, 83.0 (80.0–85.0) | 0.51 |
| 24 months | 80.8 ± 6.9, 81.0 (77.0–86.0) | 85.4 ± 6.0, 86.0 (81.0–90.0) | <0.001 |
| ASES score | |||
| Preoperative | 55.2 ± 7.3, 56.0 (51.0–60.0) | 54.0 ± 7.9, 54.0 (48.0–60.0) | 0.20 |
| 12 months | 85.6 ± 4.7, 86.0 (82.0–88.0) | 86.4 ± 5.0, 87.0 (83.0–90.0) | 0.11 |
| 24 months | 82.6 ± 5.8, 83.0 (79.0–86.0) | 89.2 ± 5.7, 90.0 (86.0–93.0) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: LHBT, long head of the biceps tendon; VAS, visual analog scale; ASES, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons.
Data are presented as means ± SD, medians (interquartile ranges) or as absolute frequencies (percentages) when appropriate.
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