Original Article

Does the change between the native and the prosthetic posterior tibial slope influence the clinical outcomes after posterior stabilized TKA? A review of 793 knees at a minimum of 5 years follow-up

¹ Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Department, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Lyon University Hospital, 103 grande rue de la Croix Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
² Sydney Orthopaedic Research Institute, University of Notre Dame Australia, Hornsby and Ku-Ring Hospital, Palmerston Rd, Hornsby NSW 2077, Sydney, Australia
³ University of Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, 25 Av. François Mitterrand, 69500 Bron, France
⁴ LIBM – EA 7424, Interuniversity Laboratory of Biology of Mobility, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, 4 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69100 Villeurbanne, France

^* Corresponding author: cecile-batailler@hotmail.fr

Received: 23 February 2025
Accepted: 27 February 2025

Abstract

Introduction: The understanding of the influence of posterior tibial slope (PTS) on knee kinematics has increased. However, the PTS influence on clinical outcomes remains unclear. The study aimed to evaluate whether a significant change between the native and the prosthetic tibial plateau PTS influences functional results and the risk of complications following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: This was a retrospective, monocentric comparative study. Clinical and radiological data from 793 knees were collected from a prospective surgical database. Inclusion criteria were patients operated with a posterior-stabilized TKA (PS-TKA) for primary tibiofemoral osteoarthritis, with or without associated patellofemoral osteoarthritis, or osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle or tibial plateau, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Range of motion and International Knee Society (IKS) score as well as radiological measurements were collected preoperatively and postoperatively at each follow-up visit. Two groups were composed according to the change in PTS between pre- and post-op (Group 1: ≤10°, n = 703; Group 2: >10°, n = 90). Results: The mean follow-up was 75.5 months ± 9.1. The mean change in PTS from preoperative was 4.96° ± 3.24 in group 1 and 12.7° ± 1.87 in group 2. There was no significant difference in the mean IKS Knee subscore (89.5 ± 10.7 and 89.7 ± 10.2, p = 0.89) and mean IKS Function subscore (88.2 ± 15.7 and 86.3 ± 16.6, p = 0.33) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Postoperative maximum flexion was very satisfactory in both groups with no clinically relevant difference (120.0 ± 11.9 and 123.0 ± 8.3, p = 0.026). The complication rate was 5.0% (n = 40) (5.5% in group 1; 1.1% in group 2; p = 0.07) while the most common complication requiring further procedure was deep infection (n = 9, 1.1%) and the second most common was stiffness (n = 6, 0.8%). Discussion: PTS did not influence postoperative maximum flexion or clinical scores and was not associated with a higher complication rate at a minimum 5-year follow-up after PS-TKA.