Open Access
Table 4
Literature debate summary.
| Blood loss | Pro-tourniquet | Cai et al. [18] – Tourniquet use can significantly decrease intraoperative blood loss but did not significantly decrease postoperative blood loss. |
| Anti-tourniquet | Schnettler et al. [8] – Tourniquet use with tranexamic acid leads to more blood loss than tranexamic acid alone. | |
| Functional outcomes | Pro-tourniquet | Goel et al. (randomized controlled study) [9] – Tourniquet use has similar in-hospital functional results compared to no tourniquet McCarthy et al. [20] – No clinically important differences in pain, ROM, and LOS during an in-hospital stay between groups. |
| Anti-tourniquet | Huang et al. (randomized controlled study) [21] – No tourniquet and tranexamic acid leads to less pain, less swelling, better ROM, and satisfaction during hospital stay compared to tourniquet use Chen et al. (randomized controlled study) [22] – Half-course tourniquet use leads to less pain and better ROM than full-course tourniquet use. | |
| Gender-based outcomes | There is a difference | O’Conner [15] – Gender has been shown to impact both function and pain relief both before and after TKA. Women have a worse preoperative physical function and do not reach the same final level of physical function as men. |
| There is no difference | Gen et al. [16] – Gender does not seem to affect short-term outcomes. |
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