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Table 2

Outcome of the study: Estimated blood loss (EBL), Preoperative, Postoperative, and Follow-up Cobb angle.

No Author, years EBL (mL) Preoperative Cobb angle (°) Post-operative Cobb angle (°) Follow-up Cobb angle (°)
Non-osteotomy
1 Shen, 2006 [10] 845.8 ± 293.5 99.08 ± 14.44 41.92 ± 14.05 46.4 ± 12.6
666.7 ± 188.7 98.50 ± 9.41 39.92 ± 10.76 46.1 ± 11.2
2 Hamzaoglu, 2008 [11] 3000 122 60 56
3 Li, 2009 [9] 1648 97.9 50.5 53.7
4 Zheng, 2013 [12] 624 ± 216 102.2 ± 8.9 29.7 ± 5.9 32.1 ± 5.6
5 Ren, 2014 [13] 1,319.1 ± 608.2 104.8 25.1 ± 13.1 26.5 ± 12.0
6 Mihara, 2020 [14] 1593.5 104.4 46.4 N/A
7 Mirzashahi, 2020 [15] 660 97.58 34.88 N/A
8 Chan, 2020 [16] 2583,1 110.8 ± 12.1 54.4 ± 12.8 N/A
9 Grabala, 2020 [17] 1396 120 58 59
10 Gatam, 2020 [18] N/A 103 34 N/A
11 Chan, 2021 [19] 1612.2 ± 873.5 104.5 ± 12.3 42.5 ± 13.5 N/A
12 Mihara Y, 2021 [20] N/A 102.8 ± 12.3 44.4 ± 13.5 N/A
13 Badin D, 2023 [8] N/A 99.3 ± 11.2 17.9 ± 8.9 17.4 ± 7
14 Stone LE, 2024 [21] 1700 112 36 N/A
15 Grabala P, 2024 [22] 588 124 ± 10.8 45 ± 13.8 44.9 ± 12.2
740 122 ± 9.8 37.4 ± 11.4 40.9 ± 11.8
16 Chandirasegaran, 2025 [23] 1064.6 ± 473.3 101.8 ± 11.3 44.9 ± 12.1 N/A
Mean 1366.1 ± 724.1 107.0 ± 9.1 42.3 ± 13.4 42.3 ± 13.4
Ponte Ostetotomy/Smith Peterson Osteotomy
17 Zhang, 2019 [24] 842.3 ± 426.3 98.5 ± 16.5 44.1 ± 17.7 44.9 ± 18.2
18 Di, 2020 [25] 950 98.2° ± 6.9 38.3° ± 3.0 40.1° ± 4.1
19 Koller H, 2021 [26] N/A 118° 38.5° 39.6
20 Stone LE, 2024 [21] 1700 115° 49° N/A
Mean 1164.1 ± 467.2 107.4 ± 10.5 42.5 ± 5.1 41.5 ± 2.9
Vertebral Column Resection (VCR)
21 Zhou, 2011 [27] 1,916 99.3 ± 5.5 32.9 ± 12.3 34.3 ± 12.1
22 Modi, 2011 [28] 3015 ± 1213 106.1 ± 30.2 46.6 ° ± 12.7 46.4 ± 11.4
23 Ren, 2014 [13] 1712.5 ± 807 101.3 33.1 ± 10.8 32.9 ± 12.7
24 Li, 2019 [29] 1333.3 ± 574.2 108.91 ± 16.6 56.49 ± 18.8 56.9 ± 18.4
25 Zhang, 2019 [24] 1105 96.6 30.9 32.4
26 Song Z, 2022 [30] N/A 108.7 ± 24.5 36.2° ± 12.4° N/A
27 Stone LE, 2024 [21] 1650 126 48° N/A
Mean 1788.6 ± 666.3 106.7 ± 9.7 40.6 ± 9.8 40.6 ± 10.8

EBL: Estimated blood loss; N/A: not available.

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