Issue |
SICOT-J
Volume 7, 2021
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 35 | |
Number of page(s) | 5 | |
Section | Knee | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/sicotj/2021034 | |
Published online | 19 May 2021 |
Original Article
Stiffness after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: Risk factors and arthroscopic treatment
1
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, Croix-Rousse Hospital, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, 69004 Lyon, France
2
Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, 69622 Lyon, France
3
EA 7424 – Interuniversity Laboratory of Human Movement Science, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
* Corresponding author: gaspard.fournier@chu-lyon.fr
Received:
8
January
2021
Accepted:
8
March
2021
Introduction: One of the principal complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is stiffness. There are no publications concerning stiffness after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Study objectives were to describe the incidence of stiffness after UKA, to look for risk factors, and to describe safe and effective arthroscopic treatment. Methods: There were 240 UKA performed between March 2016 and January 2019 included. Robotic-assisted surgery was performed in 164 patients and mechanical instrumentation in 76 patients. Stiffness was defined as flexion < 90° or a flexion contracture > 10° during the first 45 post-operative days. Patients with stiffness were treated with arthroscopic arthrolysis. Several factors were studied to look for risk factors of stiffness: body mass index, gender, age, mechanical or robotic instrumentation, preoperative flexion, previous meniscectomy, and anticoagulant treatment. Arthrolysis effectiveness was evaluated by flexion improvement and UKA revision rate. Results: 22 patients (9%) developed stiffness. Mechanical instrumentation significantly increased the risk of stiffness with OR = 0.26 and p = 0.005. Robotic-assisted surgery decreased the risk of stiffness by five-fold. Before arthrolysis, mean knee flexion was 79°, versus 121° (53% improvement) after arthroscopic arthrolysis. Only 2 patients (9%) underwent UKA revision after arthrolysis. Discussion: Stiffness after UKA is an important complication with an incidence of 9% in this study. Arthroscopic arthrolysis is a safe and effective treatment with a range of motion improvement of > 50%. Robotic-assisted surgery significantly decreases the risk of postoperative stiffness.
Level of evidence: Level III, therapeutic study, retrospective cohort study
Key words: Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty / UKA / Stiffness / Arthroscopic treatment / Arthrolysis
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2021
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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